Strength:
Affects how you roleplay the strength of your character.
1 Strength - You'll have trouble lifting up a standard G3A3 assault rifle.
10 Strength - You can probably move a few big boulders.

Perception:
How easy you can spot things that are normally unnoticed.
1 Perception - You would barely notice a rock being thrown at you until it hit you.
10 Perception - Your trained eye could easily see through most of the best stealth out there, besides a Stealth Boy.

Endurance:
How strong you can be; how much you can take before you fall.
1 Endurance: You can be knocked out easily with perhaps one blow from a fist.
10 Endurance: Let's go mine-hopping! Wee!

Charisma:
Affects shop prices. Also affects interaction with NPCs if it is an official event, such as the 'Crimson Vanguard' quest.
1 Charisma - People either hate you, or will take advantage of you and sell goods at higher-than-usual prices.
10 Charisma - All items are discounted 40% off, except for player-owned businesses.

Intelligence:
Affects shop usage. Awaiting further use.
7 Intelligence - Can open up a shop.
10 Intelligence - Can research new items, from miscellaneous goods to even vehicles.

Agility:
Affects your speed and run endurance (not related to Endurance).
1 Agility - You can barely run for a while without having to catch your breath.
10 Agility - You can run marathons and triathlons and still have room for a swim.

Luck:
Your ability to pull off critical hits. Although we do not have a kind of system which determines that, apply common sense in the RP when you do it. Otherwise, this is just a dump stat. NOTE: Baby Deathclaws will ALWAYS hit their target as long as they are in range, and it WILL hurt.
1 Luck - No critical bonus.
10 Luck - You can easily figure out weak points and attack with precision.